大数据 > JS数组的几个常用方法

JS数组的几个常用方法

2019-09-17 09:00阅读(59)

" 1. join() 将数组拼接成字符串; var a = [1,2,4,5]; var b = a.join() console.log(b)// 1245 2. split() 将字符串拆分为数组; var a = hello timy var b =

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1. join() 将数组拼接成字符串;

var a = [1,2,4,5];

var b = a.join()

console.log(b)// '1245'

2. split() 将字符串拆分为数组;

var a = 'hello timy'

var b = a.split();

console.log(b);//["h", "e", "l", "l", "o", " ", "t", "i", "m", "y"]

*join()与split()属于逆向转换;

3. reverse() 将数组中的元素顺序颠倒;

var a = [1,2,3];

a.reverse();

console.log(a);//[3,2,1]

4. sort() 将数组中的元素排序并返回排序后的数组;

var a = ['cde','bed','abc'];

a.sort();

console.log(a);//["abc", "bed", "cde"]

如果数组中包含undefined元素,它们会排到数组尾部;

默认按字母表顺序;

var a = [33,4,111,22];

a.sort();

console.log(a);//[111, 22, 33, 4]

从小到大排列

a.sort(function(a,b){return a-b});

console.log(a);//[4, 22, 33, 111]

从大到小排列

a.sort(function(a,b){return b-a});

console.log(a);//[111, 33, 22, 4]

区分大小写的排序;

a = ['ant','Bug','cat','Dog'];

a.sort();

console.log(a);//["Bug", "Dog", "ant", "cat"]

不区分大小写的排序;

a.sort(function(s,t){

var a = s.toLowerCase();

var b = t.toLowerCase();

if(a<b) return -1;

if(a>b) return 1;

return 0;

});

console.log(a);//["ant", "Bug", "cat", "Dog"]

5. concat() 创建并返回一个新数组;不改变数组,用完就释放了;

var a = [1,2,3];

a.concat(4,5); //[1,2,3,4,5]

console.log(a);//[1,2,3];

a.concat([4,5]);//[1,2,3,4,5]

a.concat([4,5],[6,7]);//[1,2,3,4,5,6,7]

a.concat(4,[5,[6,7]]);//[1,2,3,4,5,[6,7]

6. slice() 指定数组的一个片段或子数组;它的两个参数分别是片段的开始和结束;不改变数组,用完就释放;

var a = [1,2,3,4,5];

a.slice(0,3);//[1,2,3]

a.slice(3);//[4,5];

a.slice(1,-1);//[2,3,4];

a,slice(-3,-2);//[3]

console.log(a);// [1,2,3,4,5]

7. splice() 在数组中插入或删除元素的通用方法;会修改数组;第一个参数表示开始截取位置,二个参数表示截取数量;还有多位参数看下面例子;

var a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9];

var b = a.splice(4);;//[5,6,7,8,9];

console.log(a);//[1,2,3,4]

var c = a.splice(1,2);//[2,3];

console.log(a);//[1,4]

var d = a.splice(1,1);//[4]

console.log(a);//[1]

既然能删除,当然还会有插入;第一个参数表示插入位置,第二个参数表示替换几位;后面的参数

var a = [1,2,3,4,5];

a.splice(2,0,'a','b','c'); //[1, 2, "a", "b", "c", 3, 4, 5]

a.splice(3,3,6,7,8,9); //[1, 2, "a", 6, 7, 8, 9, 4, 5]

a.splice(3,0,[2,3,4]);//[1, 2, "a", [2,3,4], 6, 7, 8, 9, 4, 5]

注意:与concat()不同的,splice()会插入数组本身而非数组的元素

8. push() 和pop(),在数组的尾部添加一个或多个元素,删除最后一个元素;

var a = [];

a.push(1,2);

console.log(a);//[1,2]

a.push('a','b');

console.log(a);//[1,2,'a','b']

a.pop();

console.log(a);//[1, 3, "a"]

9. unshift() 和 shift() ,在数组的头部添加一个或多个元素,删除一个元素;

var a = [2,3];

a.unshift(1);

console.log(a);//[1,2,3];

a.unshift('a','b');

console.log(a);//["a", "b", 1, 2, 3]

a.shift();

console.log(a);//["b", 1, 2, 3]

10. toString() 和 toLocaleString()

var a = ["b", 1, 2, 3]

var b = a.toString();

var c = a.toLocaleString();

console.log(a);//["b", 1, 2, 3]

console.log(b);//b,1,2,3

console.log(c);//b,1,2,3

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