Çൺ°ÂÁÖÆ¥¿Ë·«´¬ÖÐÐĽ«ÓÚ2006Ä꽨³É£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ ¡Çൺ°Â·«ÖÐÐļ´Çൺ°ÂÁÖÆ¥¿Ë·«´¬ÖÐÐÄ£¬×øÂäÓÚÇൺÊж«²¿ÐÂÇø¸¡É½ÍåÅÏ£¬±±º£´¬³§ÔÖ·£¬ÅþÁÚÎåËĹ㳡º
Çൺ·¢Õ¹ÀúÊ·
6000ÄêÒÔÇ°ÕâÀïÒÑÓÐÁËÈËÀàµÄÉú´æºÍ·±ÑÜ¡£¶«ÖÜʱÆÚ½¨Á¢Á˵±Ê±É½¶«µØÇøµÚ¶þ´óÊÐÕò--¼´Ä«¡£ÇØʼ»ÊͳһÖйúºó£¬ÔøÈý´ÎµÇÁÙÏÖλÓÚÇൺ½ºÄÏÊеÄÀÅçð̨¡£ÇØ´úÐ츣ÔøÂÊ´¬¶ÓÓÉÀÅçðɽÆ𺽶«¶É³¯ÏÊ¡¢ÈÕ±¾¡£
ººÎäµÛÔøÔÚÏÖλÓÚÇൺÊгÇÑôÇøµÄ²»Æäɽ¡°ìëÉñÈËÓÚ½»ÃŹ¬¡±£¬²¢ÔÚ½ºÖÝÍåÅÏÅ®¹Ãɽ¼ÀÌì°Ý×æÉèÁ¢Ã÷ÌÃ9Ëù¡£Ç峯ĩÄ꣬ÇൺÒÑ·¢Õ¹³ÉΪһ¸ö·±»ªÐ¡Õò£¬Îô³Æ½º°Ä¡£
1891Äê6ÔÂ14ÈÕ(Çå¹âÐ÷Ê®ÆßÄê)£¬ÇåÕþ¸®ÔÚ½º°ÄÉè·À£¬ÊÇΪÇൺ½¨ÖõĿªÊ¼¡£1897Äê11Ô£¬µÂ¹úÒÔ¡°¾ÞÒ°½Ì°¸¡±Îª½è¿ÚÅɱøÇ¿Õ¼Çൺ¡£1914ÄêµÚÒ»´ÎÊÀ½ç´óÕ½±¬·¢£¬11Ô£¬ÈÕ±¾ÇÖÕ¼Çൺ£¬È¡´úµÂ¹ú¶ÔÇൺ½øÐоüÊÂÖ³ÃñͳÖΡ£1919Ä꣬Öйú½ü´úÊ·ÉÏÖøÃûµÄ¡°ÎåËÄÔ˶¯¡±±ãÊÇÒÔ¡°ÊÕ»ØÇൺ¡±ÎªÆðÒò¡£
1922Äê12ÔÂ10ÈÕ£¬ÖйúÊÕ»ØÇൺ£¬ÉèÁ¢½º°ÄÉ̲º¶½°ì¹«Êð£¬Ö±Êô±±ÑóÕþ¸®¡£1929Äê7Ô£¬ÉèÇൺÌرðÊС£1930Ä꣬¸Ä³ÆÇൺÊС£1938Äê1Ô£¬ÈÕ±¾ÔÙ´ÎÇÖÕ¼Çൺ¡£1945Äê9Ô£¬¹úÃñµ³Õþ¸®½ÓÊÕÇൺ£¬ÈÔΪÌرðÊС£
1949Äê6ÔÂ2ÈÕ£¬Çൺ½â·Å¡£1986ÄêÇൺÊÐÔÚ¹ú¼Ò¼Æ»®ÖÐʵÐе¥ÁУ¬¸³ÓèÏ൱ʡһ¼¶¾¼Ã¹ÜÀíȨÏÞ¡£1994Äê±»ÁÐΪȫ¹ú15¸ö¸±Ê¡¼¶³ÇÊÐÖ®Ò»¡£
À©Õ¹×ÊÁÏ
ÇൺµÄÀúÊ·ÑØÏ®
Ã÷´úÍòÀúÆßÄ꣨1579Ä꣩£¬¼´Ä«ÏØÁîÐíîúÔø±é²ì¼´Ä«ËÄ·½º£Óò¼°ÏçÍÁ£¬Ö÷³Ö¹ý¡¶¼´Ä«ÏØÖ¾¡·£¬µ«×øÂäÓÚÇൺÍåÅϵÄÒ»×ùСµº¡°Çൺ¡±£¬Òà±»ÐíîúËùÌá¼°¡£
ÔÚÐíîú±à׫µÄ¡¶µØ·½ÊÂÒËÒ顤º£·À¡·ÖУ¬ÓйØÇൺ֮ÃûÓÐÕâÑùÒ»¶Î¼ÇÊö£º¡°±¾Ïض«Äϱõº££¬¼´Öйú¶«½ç£¬ÍûÖ®ÁËÎÞ½òÑÄ£¬Î©µºÓìÂÞÖÅÆä¼ä¡£µºÖ®¿ÉÈ˾ÓÕߣ¬Ô»Çà¡¢Ô»¸£¡¢Ô»¹Ü¡¢Ô»°×Âí¡¢Ô»Ï㻨¡¢Ô»Ìïºá¡¢Ô»ÑÕÎä¡£¡±
ÕâÀï˵µÄ¡°Çࡱ£¬¼´ÊÇÖ¸Çൺ£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÏÖÔÚµÄСÇൺ¡£ÔÚÐíîúµÄÑÛÀССµÄÒ»¸öÇൺ£¬²»½ö¿ÉÒÔÉè·À£¬µÖÓùÙÁ¿ÜµÄÇÖÈÅ£¬¶øÇÒ»¹Êǿɹ©È˾ӵĵط½¡£´ÓÕâÀÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬Ð¡Çൺ×î³õ»¹ÊÇÖ÷ÒªÓÃÓÚ¾üÊÂÄ¿µÄ¡£
ÐèÒªÖ¸³öµÄÊÇ£¬ÐíîúËù´ËʱËùÌá¼°µÄ¡°Çൺ¡±£¬ÊǸ¡É½Ç§»§Ëù¹ÜϽµÄÒ»¸ö¿ÉÒÔפ¾üµÄСµº¡£¶øÔÚÕâ¸öµºµÄ¶ÔÃæ°¶ÆÂÉÏ£¬Ò»×ùССµÄÌìºó¹¬£¬Ò²ÒÑÔÚÕâÀï´æÔÚÁËÒ»°Ù¶àÄê¡£Èç¹ûÔÙÍùÇ°×·ËÝ£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔ×·Ñ°µ½Ììºó¹¬¸½½üɽÆÂÉϾÓסµÄ´åÃñ³õÀ´±Ù½¨Çൺ´åµÄʱ´ú¡£
¾Ý±àÐÞÓÚ1924ÄêµÄ¡¶ºúÊÏ×åÆס·¼ÇÔØ£º¡°Îá×åÏà´«×ÔÃ÷ÓÀÀÖ³õÄêÓÉÔÆÄÏǨ¾Ó¼´Ä«£¬ÊÀ¾ÓÇൺ֮¡®ÉÏׯ¡¯¡±£¬¡°¾Û×å¶ø¾Ó£¬Îå°ÙÓàÔØ¡±¡£Õâ¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬ÔÚÌìºó¹¬»¹Ã»ÐÞ½¨µÄ60¶àÄêÇ°£¬ºúÊÏ×åÈ˾ÍÒѾ´ÓɽÎ÷µÄÔÆÄÏ£¨²¢²»ÊÇÔÆÄÏÊ¡£©Ç¨¾ÓÔÚÏÖÓ±ö¹ÝÒ»´ø½¨´å¾Óס¡£ºúÊÏ×åÈ˽¨µÄ´åÂ䣬³õÃû¾Í½Ð¡°Çൺ´å¡±¡£
Ö»Êǵ½Á˺óÀ´£¬´åÃñ·±ÑÜÓúÖÚ£¬ÔÀ´µÄ´åÖ·ÒѲ»ÄÜÈÝÄÉ£¬¹ÊÓÖ·Ö³öÒ»Ö§À´£¬°áǨµ½ÁËÏÖÔڵĺþÄÏ·ºÍ¹ãÎ÷·һ´ø¡£ÕâÑù£¬ÔÏȵġ°Çൺ´å¡±¾Í±»³Æ֮Ϊ¡°ÉÏÇൺ´å¡±£¬Ë׺ô¡°ÉÏׯ¡±£»¶øн¨µÄ¡°Çൺ´å¡±¾Í±»³Æ֮Ϊ¡°ÏÂÇൺ´å¡±£¬Ë׺ô¡°ÏÂׯ¡±¡£ºúÊÏ×åÈ˵Ä×æ¾ÓµØ¼´ÊÇ¡°ÉÏׯ¡±¡£
Õâ¾Í»ù±¾ÉϸøÁËÎÒÃÇÒ»¸öÇåÎúÂöÂ磬¼´¡°ÏÈÓÐÇൺ£¬ºóÓÐÇൺ´å£¬×îºó²ÅÓÐÌìºó¹¬¡±¡£ÒòΪÎÒÃÇÒÑÖª£¬Çൺ¸½½üµÄһЩµºÓìÊÇÔÚËδúÒÔÇ°¾ÍÒѾÓÐÁËÃû³Æ¡£¹À¼Æ¡°Çൺ¡±Ö®Ãû£¬×îÍíÒ²²»ÄÜÍíÓÚÃ÷³õ¡£
ºóÀ´£¬ºúÐÕ×åÈË´ÓÔÆÄÏÀ´ÁË£¬ËûÃdzýÒÔÇൺÍåÀïÕâ×ùСµºµÄÃû×ÖÃüÃû×Ô¼ºµÄ´åÂäÍ⣬»¹½«¸½½ü¶«ÃæµÄÒ»×ùɽÁ룬ÃüÃûΪ¡°Çൺɽ¡±¡£À´Çൺ֮ºó£¬ËûÃÇ¡°¿ÉéÔ¿ÉÓ桱£¬ÔÚÕâÀィÁËÒ»×ù¡°Âè×æÃí¡±£¬Õâ¾ÍÊǺóÀ´µÄÌìºó¹¬¡£µ½ÁËÌìºó¹¬½¨³ÉµÄ1467Ä꣬ÇൺÍåÒ»´ø¾Í³ÉÁËÕû¸öÇൺµØÇø×î´óµÄÓæ»õÂëÍ·£¬±»³Æ֮Ϊ¡°Çൺ¿Ú¡±¡£
µÈÓÐÁËÕâô¶à¹ÚÒÔ¡°Çൺ¡±Ö®ÃûµÄµØÃûÖ®ºó£¬ÔÏȵġ°Çൺ¡±¾Í±»Ë׺ôΪ¡°Ð¡Çൺ¡±ÁË¡£¶øÁíÒ»¸ö±»³Æ×ö¡°Çൺ¡±µÄСµº£¬Î»ÓÚ½ñ¼´Ä«ÊÐÌïºáµºµÄ¶«±±·½£¬ÓÖÃû¡°Èýƽµº¡±¡£
ÏÖÔÚÓÐ×ÊÁϼÇÔصģ¬¾ÍÊÇÌìºó¹¬ÄÚµÄÒ»¿é¿ÌÓÚÇåͬÖÎÄê¼äµÄ¡¶Ä¼½¨Ï·Â¥±®¼Ç¡·µÄʯ±®¡£´Ë±®ÎļÇÔØ£º¡°ÇÔÎÅÇൺ¿ª´´ÒÔÀ´£¬°ÙÓÐÓàÄêÒÓ¡£Æù½ñÂÿÍÉÌÈË£¬ÔƼ¯¶øÖÁ¡£¡±ÔÚÕâÀ±®ÎÄÖÐʹÓõġ°Çൺ¡±Ò»´Ê£¬ÒѲ»ÊÇÒ»¸öµº¡¢Ò»¸ö´å¡¢Ò»×ùɽºÍÒ»¸öº£¿ÚµÄ¸ÅÄ¶øÊÇÇൺµØÇøµÄ×ܳơ£
²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏÀ´Ô´£º°Ù¶È°Ù¿Æ-Çൺ
±¾»Ø´ð±»ÍøÓѲÉÄÉÒòΪÕâÀïÁÙ·ç¹Ûº££¬»¹¿ÉÌ÷Íû¶Ô°¶³ÇÊÐÖÐÐÄÇø£¬è貵ƻ𣬴¦´¦ÏÔÏÖ³öÀËÂþ·ÕΧ£¬Ò²³ÉΪÇéÈËÃÇ×îÇàíùµÄÔ¼»áµØµã£¬ËùÒÔ½ÐÇéÈË°Ó¡£
¾°µã½éÉÜ
°ÂÔ˽áÊøºó£¬°Â·«ÖÐÐÄÖ÷·À²¨µÌ¹æ»®³ÉÒ»´¦ÌØÉ«½ÖÇéÈ˰Ӿưɽ֣¬ÓÚ2009ÄêÏļ¾¿ªÒµ£¬½øפ20Óà¼Ò¾Æ°É¡¢¿§·È¹Ý¡¢²ÍÌü¡£°Â·«³¡¹ÝÖ÷·À²¨µÌ³¤´ï534¹«³ß¡¢¿íÔ¼47¹«³ß£¬Î²¶Ë½¨ÓÐÒ»×ù°×É«µÆËþ£¬ÈëÒ¹ºóÕ¾ÔÚµÌÉÏ£¬ÁÙ·ç¹Ûº££¬»¹¿ÉÌ÷Íû¶Ô°¶³ÇÊÐÖÐÐÄÇø£¬è貵ƻ𣬴¦´¦ÏÔÏÖ³öÀËÂþ·ÕΧ£¬Ò²³ÉΪÇéÈËÃÇ×îÇàíùµÄÔ¼»áµØµã¡£
ÕâÌõ¼æ¾ßÀËÂþÇéÈË°Ó¡¢¼¤Çé¾Æ°É½ÖµÄÌØÉ«½Ö£¬ÈëÒ¹ºó£¬Ó¿ÈëÈ˳±£¬ÏëÒªÕÒÆ¡¾Æ°ÉºÍÌØÉ«ÉÕ¿¾£¬»òÊÇ¿§·ÈÎݺÍÌðÆ·µê£¬»¹Óкì¾ÆÎݺÍÑ©ÇÑ°É£¬¶¼ÓÐËù»ñ¡£ÓÈÆäÊǸ÷¸öµê¼Ò¸÷ÓÐÌØÉ«£¬ÓеÄ×°Ð޳ɴ¬ÎÝ£¬»òÊÇÒì¹ú·çÇéµÄ¾Æ°É£¬²¢ÓÐפ³ª¸èÊÖΪÕâ¸öÒ¹Íí´øÀ´ÃÀÀöµÄÒôÀÖ÷ÏÑ磬¶ø²»Ïë×øÔÚÊÒÄÚµÄÓοͣ¬»¹¿É×øÔÚÁÙº£µÄ¶Ìì×ùÉÏ£¬³©ÒûÇൺ×ÏúµÄÇൺơ¾Æ¡£µØÖ·
ÊÐÄÏÇøÐĺ£¹ã³¡ÅÔ
²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏ
°Ù¶È°Ù¿Æ£ºhttps://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%83%85%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%9D/17388737?fr=aladdin
±¾»Ø´ð±»ÍøÓѲÉÄÉÇൺ°Â·«ÖÐÐÄÓм¸¸ö¹úÆ죿 Çൺ ¹ú³Ï¼¯ÍÅÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾Çൺ·Ö¹«Ë¾Ôõ ÇൺÖÐÐĵÄÏîÄ¿½éÉÜ ÖÐÌúÇൺÖÐ Çൺվµ½Çൺ±±Õ¾¶àÔ¶ Çൺ»ð³µ ÇൺÌå²ÊÖд󽱵½ÄÄÀïÁì ÇൺÌå Çൺ¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅÖÐÐÄÖÜΧÓÐʲô±êÖ¾ ½éÉÜÇൺÊÐÊÐÄÏÇøµÄÎÄ×Ö °Ù¶È³¤É³ÊÐÖÐÐÄÒ½ÔºÔÚʲôµØ·½ÓÐ ÖйúÓÊÕþƽÓÊÇൺµÄ´¦ÀíÖÐÐÄÔÚÄÄ ÁªÍ¨ÐÅÏ¢ÖÐÐĺÅÂëÊǶàÉÙ£¿ Çൺ ÇൺÊÐÕþ¸®µ½ÇൺÊÐÖÐÐÄÒ½Ôº×ö ÇൺÊÐÖ×ÁöÒ½Ôº ÍøÖ·£¿ ÇൺÊÐÖ× »ÆµºÒ½±£ÖÐÐÄÔÚÄÄÀï ÇൺÊÐס±£ Çൺ°Â·«ÖÐÐÄÓиöÇéÈË°Ó£¬ÎªÊ²Ã´ EMS µ½´ïÇൺÊÐÓʼþ´¦Àí ÖÐÐÄ ¶¼ Çൺ³ÇÑôÇøÀëÇൺÊÐÖÐÐĶàÔ¶ Çà ÎÒ08Äê±¾¿Æ±ÏÒµ£¬»§¿Úµµ°¸Ò»Ö±¹Ò ÇൺÖÐÐÄÒ½ÔººÃÂð¡¢ÊÇÔÚÊÐÖÐÐÄÂð Çൺ°Â·«ÖÐÐÄÓδ¬ÃÅƱ¶àÉÙÇ®£¿ ÇൺÌåÓýÖÐÐĵĽéÉÜ ³ËÇá¹ì´Ó÷¡É½ÎÀµ½ÇൺÊÐÇൺ·ÖÔº ÇൺÓм¸¼ÒÅÄÂô¹«Ë¾ ÇൺÊÐÅÄÂô Çൺʡ¼¶ÐÐÕþÖÐÐÄÊÇʲôÃû×Ö ÉîÀ¶ÖÐÐĽ¨³ÉºóÊÇÇൺµÚÒ»¸ß²ã½¨ ÓÐÅóÓÑÖªµÀÇൺ¶«º£Ò©ÒµÕâ¸ö¹«Ë¾ Çൺһһ·ÒëÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾ÔõôÑù£¿ ÇൺÈÚ×ʵ£±£ÖÐÐÄÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾ÔõôÑù ËÔÚÇൺ¹ýÃôÖÐÐÄ¿´¹ý²¡£¬ÄÇÀïÁÆ ÓÊÕþ¿ìµÝͶËߵ绰ÊǶàÉÙËÖªµÀ ÇൺÊÐÖÐÐÄÒ½ÔºÔõôÑù°¡£¿´ýÓöÈç